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Normalization & Naming
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Which of the following violations breaks First Normal Form (1NF)?
AA table has no primary key defined
BA column stores a comma-separated list of values (e.g., "tag1,tag2,tag3")
CTwo columns contain identical data
DA row references a non-existent foreign key
A table order_items(order_id, product_id, quantity, product_name) has a composite primary key (order_id, product_id). Which dependency violates 2NF?
Aquantity depends on (order_id, product_id) — the full composite key
Bquantity depends on order_id alone
Corder_id functionally determines product_id
Dproduct_name depends only on product_id — a partial key dependency
A table employees(emp_id, dept_id, dept_name) has emp_id as the primary key. Which normal form does this violate?
AFirst Normal Form — dept_name is not atomic
BSecond Normal Form — dept_name is a partial dependency
CThird Normal Form — dept_name has a transitive dependency on emp_id via dept_id
DNo violation — this schema is fully normalized
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